Critical Materials Atlas
Analysis · supply shocks

What if a key exporter stopped?

For each canonical disruption, the materials whose traded supply is most exposed — and where it would have to re-source. China  ·  Russia  ·  Indonesia  ·  DR Congo  ·  South Africa

Read this as a stress test, not a forecast.
What the numbers mean

“Supply at risk” is the share of world trade the exporter currently supplies — the volume that would need re-sourcing if it stopped. The before→after HHI assumes the remaining exporters keep their current relative shares (first-order reallocation); it is not a price, substitution, or capacity model. marks a material with no other exporter of size — where re-sourcing has nowhere obvious to go.

If China stopped exporting

China supplies >5% of world trade in 17 of the tracked materials; in 9 it supplies more than 30%. The most exposed is Tungsten, unwrought (74% of traded supply would need re-sourcing).

Materialsupply at risknext-largest exporterexport HHI before → after
Tungsten, unwrought74%🇬🇧 United Kingdom 28%0.56 → 0.15
Magnesium, unwrought71%🇮🇱 Israel 53%0.53 → 0.32
Rare-earth permanent magnets64%🇯🇵 Japan 24%0.42 → 0.13
Silicon, < 99.99%40%🇳🇴 Norway 21%0.20 → 0.11
Natural graphite36%🇹🇿 Tanzania 42%0.22 → 0.21
Arsenic34%🇯🇵 Japan 26%0.18 → 0.15
Germanium32%🇩🇪 Germany 28%0.16 → 0.13
Gallium32%🇩🇪 Germany 28%0.16 → 0.13
Hafnium, unwrought32%🇩🇪 Germany 28%0.16 → 0.13
Ferro-vanadium19%🇦🇹 Austria 26%0.13 → 0.14
Cobalt oxides & hydroxides19%🇫🇮 Finland 35%0.18 → 0.22
Tantalum, unwrought18%🇺🇸 United States 26%0.16 → 0.19
Baryte18%🇮🇳 India 22%0.11 → 0.12
Antimony, unwrought11%🇹🇯 Tajikistan 35%0.17 → 0.20

If Russia stopped exporting

Russia supplies >5% of world trade in 4 of the tracked materials; in 0 it supplies more than 30%. The most exposed is Palladium, unwrought (22% of traded supply would need re-sourcing).

Materialsupply at risknext-largest exporterexport HHI before → after
Palladium, unwrought22%🇿🇦 South Africa 32%0.14 → 0.16
Coking coal12%🇦🇺 Australia 45%0.21 → 0.25
Nickel, unwrought10%🇳🇴 Norway 20%0.10 → 0.11
Helium6%🇶🇦 Qatar 30%0.15 → 0.17

If Indonesia stopped exporting

Indonesia supplies >5% of world trade in 2 of the tracked materials; in 0 it supplies more than 30%. The most exposed is Coking coal (9% of traded supply would need re-sourcing).

Materialsupply at risknext-largest exporterexport HHI before → after
Coking coal9%🇦🇺 Australia 43%0.21 → 0.24
Nickel, unwrought7%🇳🇴 Norway 19%0.10 → 0.11

If DR Congo stopped exporting

DR Congo supplies >5% of world trade in 2 of the tracked materials; in 0 it supplies more than 30%. The most exposed is Refined copper cathodes (24% of traded supply would need re-sourcing).

Materialsupply at risknext-largest exporterexport HHI before → after
Refined copper cathodes24%🇨🇱 Chile 26%0.11 → 0.10
Cobalt oxides & hydroxides14%🇫🇮 Finland 33%0.18 → 0.22

If South Africa stopped exporting

South Africa supplies >5% of world trade in 8 of the tracked materials; in 3 it supplies more than 30%. The most exposed is Manganese ore (50% of traded supply would need re-sourcing).

Materialsupply at risknext-largest exporterexport HHI before → after
Manganese ore50%🇬🇦 Gabon 53%0.33 → 0.34
Platinum, unwrought37%🇬🇧 United Kingdom 14%0.17 → 0.08
Fluorspar, >97% CaF230%🇲🇽 Mexico 55%0.25 → 0.33
Palladium, unwrought25%🇷🇺 Russia 29%0.14 → 0.14
Feldspar14%🇹🇷 Turkey 50%0.23 → 0.28
Ferro-vanadium10%🇦🇹 Austria 24%0.13 → 0.14
Phosphate rock6%🇯🇴 Jordan 26%0.15 → 0.17
Coking coal5%🇦🇺 Australia 41%0.21 → 0.23

Computed from out/flows_2024.json by build_scenarios.py.